Plantas popularmente antihipertensivas en Jipijapa, Manabí. Mito y realidad

Maria del Rosario Herrera Velazquez; Orelvis Rodriguez Palmero; Lorena Torregrosa Cortiñas

doi:10.59410/RACYT-v06n02ep03-0081

Authors

Maria del Rosario Herrera Velazquez Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabi
Orelvis Rodriguez Palmero Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabi
Lorena Torregrosa Cortiñas Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59410/RACYT-v06n02ep03-0081

Keywords:

Natural products, Medicine herbal, Ethnobotany, Ethnopharmacology

Abstract

Phytotherapy is the most ancient form of medical care and it is based on the medical use of plants or their components. Following the research line of the Ministry of Public Health of Ecuador on Medications, Supplies, Knowledge and Use of Medicinal Plants, 614 interviews were conducted with hypertensive adults on the use of medicinal plants and arterial hypertension. The people was 58 years old, as an average age, mainly female (60.09%), with basic level of schooling (29.47%) and they were an average of 7.2 years suffering high blood pressure disease. Approximately 58% of the interviewed population had used medicinal plants to treat hypertension, while 42% did not use or know about medicinal plants. The most widely used plants for this purpose were Matricaria recutita (chamomile), Plectranthus amboinicus (Broadleaf thyme or Cuban oregano), Cymbopogon citratus (lemon grass) and Valeriana officinalis (valerian). Among these plants, Lemongrass is the only one, which its effectiveness as an anti-hypertensive has been proven. The 34.03% of the used plants were bought in the market; the leaves were the most used part of the plants and the infusion was the basic way of preparation. Concerning the chemical composition of plant derivatives, Cuban oregano contains aromatics and oxygenated compounds, as main constituents. Chamomile contains above all flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids; lemongrass has phenolic compounds and valerian is characterized by the occurrence of flavonoids and terpenoids. The use of the studied plants by the population could be attributed to its sedative and relaxing effects, so its antihypertensive effects are a myth and not a reality.

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