Characterization of dual-purpose cattle farms in the province Pastaza

Abstract

In order to categorize double purpose livestock farms in Pastaza, a non experimental design which controlled the climate effects and topography of soil in a completely random design was used. Thirty-six (36) variables in environmental, productive, economic and social aspects influence in the in the development of productive activity were controlled. A diagnostic according to the methodology described by Benitez (2007) was made, then modified by Ramírez (2010), in which tools to characterize the primary link of the livestock chain were integrated. The dynamic of the climatic variables that determine the comfort of bovine breed raised in Pastaza was studied, a Geographical Information System (SIG) for the management of livestock was formulated. The multivariant techniques of principal components to define the factors that determine the productive efficiency were used for the analysis of the data; as well as the “Impact Measurement” statistic model (MEMI) Torres et al. (2008; 2013) and clusters for grouping the farms, according to the impact index reached and the descriptive statistics to categorize livestock systems. With SIG implementation pending maps, comfort and breed bovine ordering were established. The determining factors of productive efficiency in the principal chain of milk production are the livestock system dimensions, the compatibility together with the breed shipping development and the management system that is conducted, four groups are categorized which differ from each other for the land`s pending in which they are located, the managment dimensions, their impact in the surrounding and productive efficiency they achieve, the general alternatives of production reach to obtain a low efficiency in the productive process. It is viable to revert the actual level of inefficiency and reduce the environment impact, with farm ordering and adequatete alternatives are adopted to the potential of livestock systems.